Factores que inciden en el proceso de la revitalización de la lengua Sumu-Ulwa en la comunidad de Karawala Desembocadura de Río Grande de Matagalpa

Knight Julian, Leonzo (2012) Factores que inciden en el proceso de la revitalización de la lengua Sumu-Ulwa en la comunidad de Karawala Desembocadura de Río Grande de Matagalpa. Masters thesis, Universidad de las Regiones Autónomas de la Costa Caribe Nicaragüense (URACCAN).

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Abstract

This research was made with the aim of contributing to strengthening identity of the Ulwa, through the analysis of the linguistic situation of the people and the aspects influencing the process of revitalization. It was important to carry out this investigative work to verify the incident features that hinder or encourage the process of revitalization of the Ulwa language. In this work, the selection and inclusive participation of Karawala community leaders including men and women, Ulwa speakers and non Ulwa speakers, male and female teachers, students, teenagers and children Ulwa speakers and non Ulwa speakers of this community. Through the mentioned actors, or key informants we managed to collect the necessary information about aspects that affect the process of revitalization of the Ulwa language successfully. It is important to note that the main performers in this work: a) The majority of youth recognize Ulwa language as their mother language, this identification with the language is the same for those who say speak and understand very well the Ulwa language and those who speak or understand only a little of the language. In their own words some young people manifest, “I only understand a little... but it is the language of my people... my tongue.” Also young people recognize the multi-ethnicity of Karawala, giving rise to a situation of multilingualism, but even in these circumstances there is an acceptance of the language, for example, some manifest that even if their mother is of Miskito origin, their language is Ulwa. Some stated that they do not speak, but understand, others just speak, but with pride, some who have Miskitu mother and Ulwa father respect the language and others expressed remorse for not being able to speak the language. But there are also young people who do not understand the linguistic situation of the community, and are unable to formulate an opinion on the language or do not have information about the revitalization process. b) Adult speakers also show that the situation has improved, always as a result of the new appraisal of the language, but still, although most adult speakers practice their language among members of his same generation and in environments, places and specific circumstances, there also are a considerable percentage of adult speakers who do not practice the language under any circumstances. This is really an obstacle for the revitalization and this phenomenon should be corrected. On the other hand, adult non-speakers, whom historically merged into the life of the Ulwa people establishing families, respect and value the language. This new attitude of adults not speakers must become a stronghold, urging them to support everything relating to the process of revitalization of the language beginning from the heart of households and with the promotion of the use of the Ulwa amongst the family Among the most relevant positive practice affecting the revitalization we have: The massive publicity in the community where the research on Ulwa language was done, educating all residents to the acceptance of the Ulwa language. Teachers teach to read and write in the Ulwa language.

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